Prod keys are the production decryption keys of a Nintendo console, saved in a text file named prod.keys. Emulators such as Lichii use them to decrypt game files, updates and firmware, which Nintendo stores encrypted.
Why are they called prod keys?
They are called prod keys because they are the keys of retail (production) consoles, as opposed to development kits, which use a separate dev key set.
What is the prod.keys file format?
prod.keys is plain text with one key per line in the form key_name = hexadecimal value, sorted by name. Key names end in a two-digit number when one key exists per key generation, for example master_key_00, master_key_01 and so on.
| Key name | What it decrypts |
|---|---|
| header_key | NCA headers, so the emulator can identify content |
| master_key_XX | Root of each key generation |
| key_area_key_application_XX | The key area inside game NCAs |
| titlekek_XX | Title keys stored in tickets |
Why does an emulator need prod keys?
An emulator needs prod keys because it cannot read encrypted content otherwise. A real console derives these keys from secrets in its own hardware; an emulator has no such hardware, so it reads the keys from prod.keys.
Are Switch 2 prod keys different from Switch 1 prod keys?
Yes. The Switch 2 uses a new processor and new key material, so Switch 2 content needs Switch 2 keys. The Switch 2 vs Switch 1 prod keys guide explains the difference.
From definition to download
This page is part of Switch 2 prod keys and firmware downloads, where every prod keys and firmware version for Lichii is listed with its download link. Related guides are collected under Switch 2 keys and firmware explained.